Rding to the manufacturer’s recommendations. After elution with 5 Ammonium hydroxide, the phosphopeptides were dried down in a speed vacuum centrifuge. Prior to mass spectrometry analysis, the peptides were reconstituted in 5 mL 0.5 formic acid. LC-MS/MS. Peptides were separated using the nanoAcquity UPLC system (Waters) fitted with a trapping (nanoAcquity Symmetry C18, 5 mm, 180 mm620 mm) and an analytical Tunicamycin chemical information column (nanoAcquity BEH C18, 1.7 mm, 75 mm6200 mm). The outlet of the analytical column was coupled directly to an LTQ Orbitrap Velos (Thermo Fisher Scientific) using the Proxeon nanospray source. Solvent A was water, 0.1 formic acid and solvent B was acetonitrile, 0.1 formic acid. The samples (4 mL) were loaded with a constant flow of solvent A at 15 mL/min onto the trapping column. Peptides were eluted via the analytical column at a constant flow of 0.3 mL/min in a 30-min linear gradient from 3 to 40 solvent B. The peptides were introduced into the mass spectrometer via a Pico-Tip Emitter 360 mm OD620 mm ID;Histone Phosphorylation in P. falciparum10 mm tip (New Objective) and a spray voltage of 2.1 kV was applied. The capillary temperature was set at 230uC. Full scan MS spectra with mass range 300?700 m/z were acquired in profile mode in the FT with resolution of 30000. The filling time was set at maximum of 500 ms with limitation of 106 ions. The most intense ions (up to 15) from the full scan MS were selected for sequencing in the LTQ. Normalized collision energy of 40 was used, and the fragmentation was performed after accumulation of 36104 ions or after filling time of 50 ms for each precursor ion (whichever occurred first). MS/MS data were acquired in centroid mode with resolution of 7500. Charge state screening was enabled and only doubly and triply charged precursor ions were selected for MS/MS. The dynamic exclusion list was restricted to 500 entries with maximum retention period of 30 s and relative mass window of 7 ppm. For internal mass calibration, a lock mass correction using a background ion (m/z 445.12003) was applied. Data analysis. AN 3199 price Software Max Quant (version 1.2.0.18) was used for filtering the data and creating .mgf files needed for searching in MASCOT version 2.2.03 (Matrix Science). The data were searched against a user-compiled database comprising 3200 human proteins, including histones, to which Plasmodium histones were added. The data were searched for acetylation (K), monoand di-methylation (R), mono-, di- and tri-methylation (K), oxidation (M) and phosphorylation (STY) as variable modifications and carbamidomethylation (C) as fixed modification. The mass error tolerance for the full scan MS spectra was set at 10 ppm and for the MS/MS spectra at 0.5 Da. A maximum of 3 missed cleavages was allowed. The .dat files were loaded into Scaffold (version 3.00.06) and the phosphopeptides with Mascot score above 20 were reported. Site localisation was determined by MaxQuant, requiring a site probability score .0.75 and a difference score .5. See Figures S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, 1527786 S15, S16, S17, S18, S19, S20, S21 for annotated mass spectra of the identified modifications.coated with streptavidin [1.0 mg/100 ml per well] overnight at 4uC. The plate was then blocked in buffer A for 1 hour at room temperature. After removing the blocking buffer, appropriate wells in the plate were incubated with pertinent peptides [0.50 mg/ 100 ml dilution per well] in triplicates for 1 hour at room temp.Rding to the manufacturer’s recommendations. After elution with 5 Ammonium hydroxide, the phosphopeptides were dried down in a speed vacuum centrifuge. Prior to mass spectrometry analysis, the peptides were reconstituted in 5 mL 0.5 formic acid. LC-MS/MS. Peptides were separated using the nanoAcquity UPLC system (Waters) fitted with a trapping (nanoAcquity Symmetry C18, 5 mm, 180 mm620 mm) and an analytical column (nanoAcquity BEH C18, 1.7 mm, 75 mm6200 mm). The outlet of the analytical column was coupled directly to an LTQ Orbitrap Velos (Thermo Fisher Scientific) using the Proxeon nanospray source. Solvent A was water, 0.1 formic acid and solvent B was acetonitrile, 0.1 formic acid. The samples (4 mL) were loaded with a constant flow of solvent A at 15 mL/min onto the trapping column. Peptides were eluted via the analytical column at a constant flow of 0.3 mL/min in a 30-min linear gradient from 3 to 40 solvent B. The peptides were introduced into the mass spectrometer via a Pico-Tip Emitter 360 mm OD620 mm ID;Histone Phosphorylation in P. falciparum10 mm tip (New Objective) and a spray voltage of 2.1 kV was applied. The capillary temperature was set at 230uC. Full scan MS spectra with mass range 300?700 m/z were acquired in profile mode in the FT with resolution of 30000. The filling time was set at maximum of 500 ms with limitation of 106 ions. The most intense ions (up to 15) from the full scan MS were selected for sequencing in the LTQ. Normalized collision energy of 40 was used, and the fragmentation was performed after accumulation of 36104 ions or after filling time of 50 ms for each precursor ion (whichever occurred first). MS/MS data were acquired in centroid mode with resolution of 7500. Charge state screening was enabled and only doubly and triply charged precursor ions were selected for MS/MS. The dynamic exclusion list was restricted to 500 entries with maximum retention period of 30 s and relative mass window of 7 ppm. For internal mass calibration, a lock mass correction using a background ion (m/z 445.12003) was applied. Data analysis. Software Max Quant (version 1.2.0.18) was used for filtering the data and creating .mgf files needed for searching in MASCOT version 2.2.03 (Matrix Science). The data were searched against a user-compiled database comprising 3200 human proteins, including histones, to which Plasmodium histones were added. The data were searched for acetylation (K), monoand di-methylation (R), mono-, di- and tri-methylation (K), oxidation (M) and phosphorylation (STY) as variable modifications and carbamidomethylation (C) as fixed modification. The mass error tolerance for the full scan MS spectra was set at 10 ppm and for the MS/MS spectra at 0.5 Da. A maximum of 3 missed cleavages was allowed. The .dat files were loaded into Scaffold (version 3.00.06) and the phosphopeptides with Mascot score above 20 were reported. Site localisation was determined by MaxQuant, requiring a site probability score .0.75 and a difference score .5. See Figures S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, 1527786 S15, S16, S17, S18, S19, S20, S21 for annotated mass spectra of the identified modifications.coated with streptavidin [1.0 mg/100 ml per well] overnight at 4uC. The plate was then blocked in buffer A for 1 hour at room temperature. After removing the blocking buffer, appropriate wells in the plate were incubated with pertinent peptides [0.50 mg/ 100 ml dilution per well] in triplicates for 1 hour at room temp.