And iron oxide. The photodegradation approach can take place by direct reaction of hydroxyl radical with the adsorbed ibuprofen around the surface of photocatalysts (Equations (6)9)). This procedure happens more rapidly resulting from effective charge transfer from Fe2 O3 surface to the adsorbed substrate. In photocatalytic degradation without having prior adsorption, the photogenerated electron and hole formed mobile OHradical within the solution through superoxide radicals intermediate (Equations (10)13)) [52]. The OHradical diffuse to oxidize ibuprofen to presumably CO2 and H2 O (Equation (15)). There’s a possibility of OHradical to recombine and released heat. Adsorption of ibuprofen C3 H18 O2 C3 H18 O2 (a) Electron excitation -Fe2 O3 -Fe2 O3 (e- h) (six)(7)Electron trapping by surface hydroxyl group e- OH(a) OH(a) Direct decomposition of adsorbed ibuprofen C3 H18 O2 (a) OH(a) CO2 H2 O Electron trapping by dissolved oxygen to form superoxide radicals e- O2 O2 Water dissociation H2 O H OH- (ten) (9) (eight)(11)Generation of hydroxyl radical O2 H H2 O H2 O2 O2 H2 O2 2OHHole trapping Ibuprofen degradation OH C3 H18 O2 CO2 and H2 O four. Conclusions Iron oxide (Fe2 O3 -G) with uniform hexagonal flake morphology has been successfully synthesized using a mixture of gelatin as a natural template and F127 as a synthetic template by way of sol el strategy. SEM analysis showed the formation of uniform hexagonal flake-like structure that was steady after calcination at 500 C. The transition from hexagonal to cubic structure was observed after calcination at 700 C. Gelatin as naturally formed polymer showed a possible as structure directing agent for the formation of a extremely steady iron oxide with uniform structures. The adsorption capacity of Fe2 O3 -G as adsorbent for ibuprofen was determined at 55 mg/g when using the hexagonal flake-like iron oxide. Despite the fact that the calcination at 700 C created a higher purity iron oxide, the adsorption capacity and removal efficiency were considerably lowered as a consequence of the formation of low surface location cubic crystallites. The efficiency from the adsorption was strongly dependent upon the surface area of iron oxide. The combination of photocatalytic degradation and (15) OH- h OH(12) (13) (14)Materials 2021, 14,15 ofadsorption for the removal of ibuprofen utilizing iron oxide resulted inside the raise of removal efficiency to 80 beneath UV light Charybdotoxin Potassium Channel irradiation.Supplementary Supplies: The following are available on the net at https://www.mdpi.com/article/10 .3390/ma14226779/s1, Table S1: Crystallinity of the intensity ratio at 431 and 577 cm-1 . Author Contributions: Conceptualization, M.U. and H.B.; methodology, M.U.; software, M.U. and R.E.N.; formal analysis, M.U. and H.B.; investigation, M.U.; resources, D.P.; information curation, M.U., R.E.N. and D.P.; writing–original draft preparation, M.U.; writing–review and editing, M.U. and H.B.; visualization, M.U.; supervision, M.U. and H.B.; project administration, M.U.; funding acquisition, M.U. All authors have read and agreed for the published version in the manuscript. Funding: Ministry of Study, Technology and Greater Education Indonesia in Tianeptine sodium salt medchemexpress Fundamental research scheme below contract quantity 221.1/UN27.22/HK 07.00/2021 for Maria Ulfa from Sebelas Maret University. Institutional Evaluation Board Statement: Not applicable. Informed Consent Statement: Not applicable. Data Availability Statement: The data presented within this study are accessible on request in the corresponding author. Acknowledgments: The authors.