By the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This short article is an open access report distributed under the terms and conditions on the Inventive Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).Sustainability 2021, 13, 11088. https://doi.org/10.3390/suhttps://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainabilitySustainability 2021, 13,two ofand workflows for digital representation, information and facts and management, open new however challenging perspectives when it comes to geometry acquisition [1], and information dissemination. Offered the framework above, the idea of Digital Twin (DT), originally defined as “A model of your physical object or program, which connects digital and physical assets, transmits information in at the least one particular path, and monitors the physical technique in real-time” [4], has gradually attracted the interest with the constructing sector. Because of this, the DT concept is becoming common as a complete strategy to manage, strategy, predict, and demonstrate constructing infrastructure or city assets [5]. Concerning the historic masonry structures, an early attempt involving the development of a extensive methodology to structure and Tasisulam Epigenetics integrate the significance of tangible and intangible components into HBIM models was proposed by Angjeliu et al. (2020) [8]. Even so, applications towards the HMS are extremely limited, and a lot of technical challenges nevertheless have to have to become addressed to achieve the complete utilisation of this strong tool. Key pending troubles involve the fast yet accurate collection and modelling of spatial and nonspatial information, the on the web monitoring of your structural wellness, the realistic numerical simulation on the technique behaviour against plausible future scenarios, and the real-time assessment with the structural situation for quickly choice generating during emergency operations. Due to the evolution of geomatics methodologies, quite a few solutions are out there these days for the generation of refined models of real-world structures, exploiting either automatic or semi-automatic meshing with the point clouds [9] and resorting to manual or parametric modelling approaches [10]. This phase of transition from half-raw survey information (point clouds) to realistic parametric models, standard of BIM projects, is called Scan-toFEM. Such a step could possibly be rather demanding in case of BCH due to the irregular and complicated shapes frequently characterising historic buildings. This step is ordinarily carried out using remote sensing methods, i.e., laser scanning and digital photogrammetry [113]. From the structural viewpoint, point clouds can’t be applied for numerical analyses because they are formed by numerous discrete points defined by three-dimensional coordinates. As a way to correctly use the geometric data derived by 3D laser scanning for structural purposes, it really is essential to perform operations that transform a point cloud into a continuum model. To deal with these processes, many approaches happen to be recently proposed inside the literature for the automatic mesh generation of HMS models from 3D point clouds. Barazzetti et al. [9] proposed a two-step methodology to convert the point cloud to a BIM model then import the model into an FEM application. They demonstrated how the BIM approach may be applied to attain structural AAPK-25 Apoptosis evaluation aims with out developing ad hoc models only for the objective of structural simulation. Castellazzi et al. [14] made a brand new semi-automatic process to transform three-dimensional point clouds of complicated objects to three-dimensiona.