tissue αvβ1 drug dehydration, adaptive immune response, protein binding, activation of connected 5-HT6 Receptor Modulator Synonyms enzymes, migration of immune cells, and so on. In this descriptive study, our findings revealed the alterations within the host transcriptome expression profile whilst feeding an antibioticfree diet plan and recommended that feeding an antibiotic-free diet plan alters the host’s metabolic network and also the expression of antiviral proteins. Abstract: China officially promulgated the announcement of banning the usage of antibiotics within the animal industry in 2020. Nonetheless, the prohibition of antibiotics inside the animal sector would lessen the feed conversion price and raise the mortality of animals. As a way to receive details about the pathogenesis and host immune response of rabbits with diarrhea just after being fed an antibioticfree diet regime, we initial analyzed the intestinal tissue sections of rabbits. Secondly, the gene expression differences of rabbit intestinal segments had been analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. Our evaluation identified 168, 593, 2069, 334, 321, and 1423 DEGs within the comparison groups S_Z (the duodenum of healthier rabbits) vs. S_B (diarrhea within the duodenum of rabbits), K_Z (healthful rabbit jejunum) vs. K_B (rabbits with diarrhea inside the jejunum), H_Z (healthful rabbit ileum) vs. H_B (rabbits with diarrhea inside the ileum), M_Z (wholesome cecum of rabbits) vs. M_B (rabbits with diarrhea within the cecum), J_Z (healthful rabbit colon) vs. J_B (colon of rabbits with diarrhea), and Z_Z (healthier rabbit rectum) vs. Z_B (rectum of rabbits with diarrhea), respectively. The reproducibility and repeatability of your outcomes were validated by RT-qPCR. Enrichment analyses of GO annotations and KEGG pathways revealed the host DEGs that happen to be potentially connected to acute inflammation, anxiety response, tissue dehydration, adaptive immune response, protein binding, activation of associated enzymes, migration of immune cells, and so on. In this descriptive study, our findings revealed the changes inside the host transcriptome expression profile soon after feeding an antibiotic-free diet program and suggested that feeding an antibiotic-free diet program alters the host’s metabolic network as well as the expression of antiviral proteins, which offers a theoretical basis for further study around the immune response of animals fed an antibiotic-free eating plan.Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.Copyright: 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access report distributed below the terms and circumstances in the Inventive Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).Animals 2021, 11, 2994. doi.org/10.3390/animdpi/journal/animalsAnimals 2021, 11,two ofKeywords: transcriptomic evaluation; no-antibiotic diet regime; diarrhea; rabbit1. Introduction Since the 1st use of antibiotics in piglets and chickens in 1949, it has been identified that feeding diets containing antibiotics could sustain animal intestinal wellness and cut down livestock mortality [1,2]. Even so, feeding an antibiotic diet program would gradually weaken the immune capability of animals, causing animal resistance to antibiotics and forming a vicious circle, and major to human overall health issues triggered by antibiotic residues in meat [3]. Therefore, the animal sector and also the customer market place had been increasingly calling for the abolition on the use of feed antibiotics [4,5]. For instance, Sweden, the European Union, and China banned the usage of antibiotics in